Efficacy of intrathecal dexmedetomidine in prevention of shivering in patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial

Background
Shivering is a frequent complication following spinal anesthesia (SA). It is more common in transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) that may be due to absorption of large amount of irrigating fluids. We aimed to investigate the role of intrathecal dexmedetomidine in attenuation and prevention of shivering in patients undergoing TURP under SA.
Methods
In a randomized, controlled trial, eighty patients were scheduled for elective TURP under SA. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: control group (group C): patients received 2.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 0.5 ml of normal saline and dexmedetomidine group (group D); patients received 2.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%, plus 10 μg dexmedetomidine in 0.5 ml of normal saline. Hemodynamic parameters, shivering score and any adverse effects were recorded.
Results
The incidence of shivering was significantly reduced in group D, 6/40 patients (15%) compared with 23/40 patients (57%) in group C ( < 0.001). The frequency of bradycardia, hypotension, number of patients treated with meperidine and ephedrine were significantly higher in group D compared with group C ( = 0.048,  = 0.043,  = 0.011,  = 0.043) respectively. There was insignificant difference in the incidence of nausea, vomiting and TUR syndrome in patients in both groups ( < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the use of 10 μg intrathecal dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing TURP has a noticeable control of shivering even in occurrence of tolerable side effects.